A ready-reckoner handbook
Presents the basics of laser physics, laser safety and laser-tissue interaction
Deals with all the clinical photographs, illustrations and diagrams for clear understanding of the concepts
Presents a Chapter: Integrating Lasers into Your Practice: Practice Management, for the practical aspect of laser-assisted dentistry
Serves as an indispensable guide for students and teachers of dentistry, practicing clinicians and dentists.
- Basic Physics and Concepts of Lasers used in Dentistry
- Properties of Light
- Function of Laser Involving Optical Concepts
– Interaction Between Light and Matter
– Basic Scheme of a Laser
– Population Inversion
– Gaussian Beam and Laser Resonator
– Beam Delivery System
– Emission Modes
- Laser Tissue Interaction
– Effects of Temperature on Target Tissue
- Laser Media
– Gas Lasers
– Dye Lasers
– Semi-conductor—Diode Lasers
– Solid-state Lasers
- Pumping Methods and Schemes
- Laser Concepts
– Excimer Laser
– Dye Lasers
– Argon Ion Laser
– CO2
- Laser
– Semi-conductor Lasers/Diode Lasers
– Solid State Laser
- Laser Safety
– Reasons for Laser Safety Education
– Maximum Permissible Exposure
- Classification of Light
– Wavelengths and their Penetration Depth
– Effect of Laser Beam on the Eye
– Impacts on Skin
- Laser Classes
– Class 1
– Class 1M
– Class 2
– Class 2M
– Class 3A
– Class 3B
– New Class 3R
– Class 4
- Secondary Hazards
– Common Hazards
– Specific Hazards
- Protective Measures
– Laser Protective Eyewear
– Labeling
– Directions
- Organizational Protective Arrangements
– Nomination of a Laser Safety Officer (LSO)
– Duties and Responsibilities of Laser Safety Officer
- Evaluation
- Lasers in Preventive Dentistry
- Conventional Treatment Methods
- Laser Application in Preventive Dentistry
– Light Interaction with Dental Hard Tissues
– Scattering and Absorption Parameters
- Mechanism of Laser Irradiation and Improved Caries Resistance
– Changes in Enamel Composition
– Creation of Microsive or Micropore System
- Effect of CO2 Lasers on Caries Prevention
– Surface Characteristics
– Combined with Fluoride Treatment
– Clinical Application
- Effect of Argon Lasers
– Mechanism of Action
- Effect of Nd:YAG Lasers
– Combined with Fluoride Treatment
– Clinical Application
- Effect of Er:YAG, Er, Cr:YSGG, Ho:YAG and UV Lasers
- Lasers in Operative Dentistry
– Development of the Laser-assisted Cavity Preparation
- Conventional Methods
– Rotary Instruments
– Kinetic Cavity Preparation—KCP
– Cavity Preparation Using Lasers
- Laser Supported Cavity Preparation
– Er: YAG and Er, Cr: YSGG Lasers
– Surface Characteristics of Laser-prepared Cavities
– Adhesion and Margin Seal of Laser Prepared Cavities
- Mechanisms of Ablation
– Mechanism of Absorption of Light in the 3 μm Range by Water
– Physical Factors Influencing Ablation Efficiency and Quality
– Criteria for Optimized Laser Systems in Hard Tissue Ablation
- Ablation with Low Collateral Damage
– Ablation by Ultrashort Laser Pulses – from Thermal Ablation to Plasma Mediated Ablation
- Other Types of Laser
– CO2
- Laser
– Nd:YAG Laser
– Ho:YAG Laser
- Practical Procedure in Laser-assisted Cavity Preparation
– Application of the Rubber Dam
– Display of the Cavity
– Removal of Caries
– Finishing and Restoration of the Cavity
- Choice of Parameters
- Photo Polymerization
– Composition of Light Cured Filling Materials
- Photo Polymerization Reaction
- Laser Photo Polymerization versus Traditional Methods
– Improved Clinical Performance of Laser Cured Materials
- Factors Associated with Photo Polymerization
- Clinical Procedure of Photo Polymerization by an Argon Laser
- Dentin Hypersensitivity
– Causes
– Theories of Dentin Hypersensitivity
– Natural Pulpal Defense Mechanisms
- Conventional Treatment Methods
– Common Agents
- Laser Application in Treating Dentin Hypersensitivity
– Lower Output Power Lasers
- CO2 Laser
– Direct Method
– Indirect Method
- Clinical Procedure
– Initial Diagnosis and Evaluation
- Laser-assisted Cosmetic Dentistry
- Causes of Tooth Discoloration
– Extrinsic discolorations
– Several Kinds of Extrinsic Discolorations
– Intrinsic Discolorations
– Discolorations in the Formative Phase
- Treatment Options
- Bleaching
– Bleaching Mechanism of Teeth
– Conventional Bleaching
- Clinical Procedure of Laser-assisted Teeth Whitening
– Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
– Oral Prophylaxis and Application of Gingival Barrier
– Laser-assisted Crown Lengthening Procedure
– Laser-assisted Crown Lengthening Clinical Procedure
– Laser-assisted Gingival Depigmentation Procedure
- Laser Application in Pediatric Dentistry
- Direct Pulp Capping
– Prerequisites for Direct Pulp Capping
- Procedures
– Conventional Pulp Capping
– Laser-assisted Pulp Capping
– Vitality Tests following Laser-assisted Pulp Capping
- Pulpotomy
– Introduction
– Laser-assisted Pulpotomy
- Soft Tissue Lasers Applications in Pediatric Dentistry
- Application of Lasers on Infantile Oral Soft Tissue Lesions
- Laser in Endodontics
– Endodontic Problems
- Root Canal Sterilization
– Conventional Methods
– Limitations/Disadvantages of Rinsing Solutions
– Laser Supported Root Canal Sterilization
- Description of the Different Wavelengths
– Nd: YAG Laser
– Diode Laser
– Er: YAG and Er, Cr: YSGG Lasers
- Root Canal Preparation
- Apical Sealing
- Safety in Laser Treatment
- Indications
- Practical Procedure
– Access Cavity Preparation
– Root Canal Shaping
– Root Canal Filling
- Laser-assisted Periodontal Therapy
- Etiology, Definitions and Pathogenesis
– Gingivitis—Periodontitis—Gingival Recession
– Plaque
– Periodonto Pathogenic Bacteria
– Histology
- Classification of Periodontal Diseases
– Gingivits
– Chronic Periodontitis
– Aggressive Periodontitis
– Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases
- Conventional Therapy
– Initial Therapy
– Corrective Phase or Surgical Corrective Measures
– Supporting Periodontal Therapy
- Laser Therapy
– Applied Lasers
– Impact of Different Lasers on Tissues
– Diode Laser
– Nd: YAG Laser
- CO2
- Laser
– Er: YAG Laser
– Frequency-doubled Alexandrite Laser
- Practical Procedure
– Initial Diagnosis and Evaluation
– Clinical Preparation
– Aim of Treatment
– Laser Therapy
- Investigations of the Laser Effects
- Laser in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
– Specific Surgical Problems
- Conventional Therapy
– Scalpel
– Electrotomy
- Laser Therapy
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Laser-assisted Oral Surgery
– Advantages
– Disadvantages
- Techniques for Laser Use in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
– Incision and Excision
– Ablation and Vaporization
– Hemostasis Techniques
- Laser in Implant Dentistry
– Peri-implantitis
- Cosmetic Facial Laser Surgery
- Laser-assisted Routine Clinical Procedures
– Pericoronitis
– Frenectomy and Ankyloglossia
– Vestibuloplasty
– Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer Treatment
- Laser-assisted Biopsy
- Laser as an Adjunct to Orthodontics
- Laser-assisted Bonding
- Laser-assisted Tooth Exposure
- Low Level Laser Therapy
- Mechanism of Action
- Cellular Effects of LLLT during Wound Healing
- Effect of LLLT on Neural Tissues
- LLLT Applications in Clinical Dentistry
– Indications
– Factors Affecting the Efficacy of LLLT
- LLLT Equipment
– LLLT Devices
- Advantages and Disadvantages of LLLT
– Advantages of Low Level Laser Therapy
– Disadvantages of Soft Laser Therapy
- Photo-activated Disinfection
- Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)
– Mechanism of Action of PAD
- Photosensitizers
- Indications of PAD Technique
- Lasers Used in PAD
- Integrating Lasers into Your Practice: Practice Management
- Dental Office in 21st Century
– Dentist’s Team Vision
– Expectations of the Staff
- Establishing Fees for Laser Procedures
- Marketing Laser Dentistry
Bibliography
Index
- Година: 2011
- Издателство: Jaypee Brothers
- Страници: 168
- Корица: мека
- ISBN 978-9-35-025377-9